exercising muscles, RBC, adipose tissue,the RO of brain is 1) The catabolism is divided into 2 major stages

exercising muscles, RBC, adipose tissue,the RO of brain is 1) The catabolism is divided into 2 major stages . (1) EMP Glucose D pyruvic acid, no Krebs' cycle requires oxygen and occurs intramitochondrially. Thus EMP Is anaerobic but Krebs cycle 19 aerobic However, EMP produces less ATP but Krebs more, but owing to lesser number of steps, ATP generation from EMP is quicker If no oxygen is available, pyruvic acid becomes lactic acid (LA) LA HMP and uronic acid pathway (UAP) The major utility of HMP is to produce H atoms and pentoses which will be utilized for fatty acid synthesis and nucleic acid respectively. UAP produces glucuronic acid which Definition and classification of liplds Elementary chemistry of inglycerides (tricyl glycerols). phosphnlipids, cholesterol and fatty acids. Plasma lipids. (a) normal values, (b) plasma lipoproteins, (c) hormones and other factors influencing plasma lipid values, (d) hyperlipemia. (e) NEFA Fate of lipids after absorption Summary of lipid metabolism Catabolism of fatty acids. Cholesterol metabolism. Metabolism of phospholipids Active acetate Syntheses of fatty acid Liver and fat metabolism lipotropic factor Fatty liver Adipose Tissue Brown fat. Applied biochemistry Atherosclerosis. Storage diseases Diabetes and lipid metabobolism. DEFINITION AND CLASSIFICATION Definition No really satisfactory definition of lipids (also spelt, by British authors, as, lipides) exists Bloor's [Wilhelm Bloor of Germany , father of modern lipid chemistry and biochemistry) definition is, however, very popular According To him, lipids are substances. (1) which are actual or potential esters of fatty acids, and (ii) insoluble in water but soluble in hot alcohol, ether, benzene, petroleum ether and acetone oil, are not lipids They should be called, mineral oils]. Thus, we say, mustard oil, ground nut oil. but hydrogenated fat (vanaspati). mutton fat etc. The three alcoholic (OH) groups of glycerol undergo estenfication with various fatty acids mentioned above Examples Subcutaneous fat. fat in the omentum and other depot fats of man are mostly triglycerides Similarly animal body fats, like mutton fat. lard (pork fat), tallow (beef fat), ghee (milk fat), or oils like mustard oil, groundnut oil. etc. contain mostly tnglycerides Waxes . An wax- is an ester of a fatty acid and a higher alcohol (Cholesterol is a higher alcohol, therefore, cholesterol ester can be viewed as an wax) Lanolin is a common wax found in the fur of the animals Speimacetti. found in the 'blubber' (for which they are killed by whalers) of sperm whales is an wax lipids. These are compounds made up of alcohols (e.g. gtycerol). fatty acids and some other substances room temperature Phospholipids (taken to be 20°C) whereas fats are solid at room tem