disease, cerebrovasculsr accidents and dry gangrene (for details of atherosclerosis. see lipid metabolism. Applied Biochemistry

m long drawn cases there may be various cardio vascular and Other complications Because of absolute [in juvenile) or relative (in adult onset type) deficiency of insulin, blood sugar is high d glomerular filtrate in the nephrons therefore contains excess glucose this causes excessive osmotic tension of renal tubular fluid therefore there is osmotic diuresis This explains the polyuria Pofyuna results in heavy loss of water from the body, producing water deprivation which in turn leads to increased drive towards water intake (polydypsia = excess water drinking) This explains thirst Hypothalamus, (although a pail of brain) is some what exceptiona! because hypothalamic cells require insulin for thir glucose uptake In hypolhalamus there are gtucoreceptors which monrtor the sense of hunger If. as a result of insulin deficiency, there is insufficient glucose within the glucoretepto's. a sensation of hunger is felt Insulin deficiency therefore causes increased sense of hunger and excess eating (polyphagia). This explains polyphagia. Lack of insulin causes stepping up of gluconeogenesis and protein and fat breakdown So muscles are broken down and wasting results Wasting is also due to the fact that ammo acids cannot enter ihe cells Obviously the fai depots also shrink. Diabetic coma has already been explained in advanced countries, wtiere correct medical facilities are available To all the citizens, death of diabetic patients due to diabetic coma is very rare But in those countries even, after some years of suffering from diabeles, (he patients become very susceptible to atherosclerosis (see, diabetes and hyper choiestenniia, chap 10 sec VII) Diabetics, in modern world, are therefore very susceptible to coronary hear! disease, cerebrovasculsr accidents and dry gangrene (for details of atherosclerosis. see lipid metabolism. Applied Biochemistry ,